Mediterranean Revival Style Architecture

Mediterranean Revival is an architectural style introduced in the United States, Canada, and certain other countries in the 19th century. It incorporated references from Spanish Renaissance, Spanish Colonial, Italian Renaissance, French Colonial, Beaux-Arts, Moorish architecture, and Venetian Gothic architecture.

Peaking in popularity during the 1920s and 1930s, the movement drew heavily on the style of palaces and seaside villas and applied them to the rapidly expanding coastal resorts of Florida and California.

Structures are typically based on a rectangular floor plan, and feature massive, symmetrical primary façades. Stuccoed walls, red tiled roofs, windows in the shape of arches or circles, one or two stories, wood or wrought iron balconies with window grilles, and articulated door surrounds are characteristic. Keystones were occasionally employed. Ornamentation may be simple or dramatic. Lush gardens often appear.

The style was most commonly applied to hotels, apartment buildings, commercial structures, and residences. Architects August Geiger and Addison Mizner were foremost in Florida, while Bertram Goodhue, Sumner Spaulding, and Paul Williams were in California.

There are also examples of this architectural style in Cuba, such as the Hotel Nacional de Cuba, in Havana.

Examples

* E. W. Marland Mansion in Ponca City, Oklahoma, completed in 1928
* Hayes Mansion in San Jose, California, completed in 1905
* Rose Crest Mansion (Currently a portion of The Mary Louis Academy) in Jamaica Estates, New York, completed in 1909
* Delaware and Hudson Passenger Station, Lake George, New York, 1909–1911
* Villa Vizcaya in Miami, Florida, completed in 1914
* Presidio building in San Francisco, California, completed in 1912
* The Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles, California, 1921 (demolished)
* Allouez Pump House in Allouez, Wisconsin, 1925
* Freedom Tower in Miami, Florida, completed in 1925
* The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror in Walt Disney World, Orlando, Florida. 1994
* Vinoy Park Hotel in St. Petersburg, Florida, completed in 1925
* Snell Arcade in St. Petersburg, Florida. 1925
* Boca Raton Resort & Club in Boca Raton, Florida, completed in 1926
* Miami-Biltmore Hotel in Coral Gables, Florida, completed in 1926
* Fort Harrison Hotel in Clearwater, Florida, completed in 1926
* Cà d'Zan, former John Ringling estate in Sarasota, Florida, completed in 1926
* Francis Marion Stokes Fourplex in Portland, Oregon, completed in 1926
* Florida Theatre in Jacksonville, Florida, completed in 1927
* Pasadena City Hall in Pasadena, California, 1927
* Gaia Apartment Building in Berkeley, California, 2001
* Nottingham Cooperative, 1927, Madison, Wisconsin
* Greenacres (Former Harold Lloyd Estate) in Beverly Hills, California, completed in 1928
* Don CeSar Hotel, St. Pete Beach, Florida, completed in 1928
* Beverly Shores Railroad Station, 1928
* Catalina Casino in Avalon, California, completed May 29, 1929
* Port Washington Fire Engine House in Wisconsin, completed in 1929
* Casa Casuarina (Versace Mansion, now known as The Villa By Barton G.) in Miami Beach, Florida, 1930
* Santa Fe Railway depot in Fullerton, California, completed 1930
* Town Club (Portland, Oregon), completed 1931
* Beverly Hills City Hall, Beverly Hills, California, 1932
* Cooley High School, Detroit, Michigan, built in 1928
* Sunrise Theatre, Fort Pierce, Florida, built in 1922
* The Church of Scientology's Flag Building, Clearwater, Florida, completed in 2011
* Plymouth County Hospital, a tuberculosis sanatorium in Hanson, Massachusetts. Completed in 1919
* The Wolfsonian-FIU, in Miami Beach, Florida, 1927
* The L. Ron Hubbard House, Washington, D.C., built in 1904

See also

* Italianate architecture
* Gothicmed – project which includes finding further insight to Gothic architecture in the Mediterranean area
* Mission Revival Style architecture
* Spanish Colonial Revival architecture
* Mar del Plata style, eclectic vernacular style which borrows some of the references incorporated by the Mediterranean Revival
* Moorish Revival architecture

References

Sources

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* Nolan, David. ''The Houses of St. Augustine''. Sarasota, Pineapple Press, 1995.
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American architectural styles
Revival architectural styles
Addison Mizner